![]() ![]() Persistently bears grudges (i.e., is unforgiving of insults, injuries, or slights).Reads hidden demeaning or threatening meanings into benign remarks or events.Is reluctant to confide in others because of unwarranted fear that the information will be used maliciously against them.Is preoccupied with unjustified doubts about the loyalty or trustworthiness of friends or associates.Suspects, without sufficient basis, that others are exploiting, harming, or deceiving them.To qualify for a diagnosis, the patient must meet at least four out of the following criteria: PPD is characterized by a pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others such that their motives are interpreted as malevolent, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts. Four of seven specific issues must be present, which include different types of suspicions or doubt (such as of being exploited, or that remarks have a subtle threatening meaning), in some cases regarding others in general or specifically friends or partners, and in some cases referring to a response of holding grudges or reacting angrily. They require in general the presence of lasting distrust and suspicion of others, interpreting their motives as malevolent, from an early adult age, occurring in a range of situations. ![]() The American Psychiatric Association's DSM-5 has similar criteria for paranoid personality disorder. Includes: expansive paranoid, fanatic, querulant and sensitive paranoid personality disorder.Įxcludes: delusional disorder and schizophrenia. preoccupation with unsubstantiated " conspiratorial" explanations of events both immediate to the patient and in the world at large.tendency to experience excessive self-aggrandizing, manifest in a persistent self-referential attitude. ![]() ![]()
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